Facial mask apparatus with removable filter

ABSTRACT

A face mask for extended wear by a user including a customized, contoured facial mask portion constructed and configured to cover and matingly contact a corresponding contoured surface area of a human face, preferably formed by 3D printing methods and materials. The face mask includes strap attachments and at least one strap for securing the customized, contoured facial mask portion to the face. The face mask includes at least one replaceable air filter for filtering out viral or bacterial pathogens.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is related to and claims priority from the following U.S. patents and patent applications. This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/410,594, filed May 13, 2019, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/013,560, filed Jun. 20, 2018, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/710,417, filed Sep. 20, 2017, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/835,059, filed Mar. 15, 2013, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a face mask apparatus, and more particularly, to a face mask apparatus with a removable filter, and methods of making the same.

2. Description of the Prior Art

It is also known in the art to provide customizable masks for facial application. It is further known in the art to use computer aided design for custom face mask design and manufacture. It is also known to provide three-dimensional (3D) facial data for use for fabrication of a custom-fit mask for medical procedures.

It is further known to provide masks for preventing or reducing the spread of airborne pathogens, including COVID-19. COVID-19 masks include cloth and soft polymer-based face coverings, in addition to hard polymer face shields.

Examples of relevant prior art reference documents include the following:

U.S. Publication No. 20120305003 for “Rapid Production Of Customized Masks” by inventor Mark, filed Oct. 21, 2009 and published Dec. 6, 2012, is directed to a system designed for the rapid preparation of anatomically customized mask employing data from a patient. The data may take the form of a multidimensional image of a target area of a patient's face obtained by optical 3 dimensional imaging, or a dot or line scan form laser imaging, pattern laser photography or stereo photography. Also disclosed is a mask that is made of a thin layer, so it is lightweight and closely hugs the targeted region upon which it rests (e.g. the nasal region). The body of the mask is made of a thin layer, so it is lightweight and closely hugs the targeted region upon which it rests (e.g. the nasal region). Methods for producing anatomically customized masks are also described.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,280,305 for “Method and apparatus for forming a stylized, three-dimensional object” by inventors Monroe et al., filed Oct. 30, 1992 and issued Jan. 18, 1994, is directed to a device that produces a three-dimensional object with custom art work from an electronic signal. More particularly, the preferred implementation is a device for making masquerade-type masks, and includes a digital camera that captures a front-on image of an individual's face and converts the captured image to an electronic signal that is downloaded into a personal computer. The computer is utilized to select an image, process that image to remove background, scale the image to correspond to the dimensions and features of a facial die that will be used to mold the mask, and to provide for special effects processing of the selected image. An ink jet plotter is then directed to print the processed image upon thin, flat plastic, which is aligned with the facial features of the die and deformed to skin tight conformance with the die by a vacuum-forming process. The finished mask bears art work, upon its convex exterior, that realistically imitates the face of the individual which served as the model for the mask.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,985,116 for “Three dimensional plating or etching process and masks therefor” by inventors Mettler et al., filed Feb. 23, 1990 and issued Jan. 15, 1991, is directed to a process for plating or etching metalization patterns on the surface of a three dimensional substrate, wherein a flexible plastic mask is fabricated by first coating the surface of a thin plastic sheet with vacuum formable ink. The mask is then molded into the shape of the surface into which the pattern is to be formed. A low power YAG laser is used to remove areas of the ink through which light is to be allowed to pass. This mask may then be used in either a print and plate process or a print and etch process by drawing the mask into intimate contact with the workpiece by applying a vacuum between the mask and the workpiece. The workpiece may then be exposed to light through the clear areas of the mask.

U.S. Pat. No. 8,020,276 for “System and method for custom-orienting a medical mask to an oral appliance” by inventor Thornton, filed Nov. 29, 2007 and issued Nov. 20, 2011, is directed to a medical mask including a body and an orientation structure. The body includes a first polymer, is configured to cover portions of a user's face comprising the user's mouth and at least portions of the user's nose comprising the nostrils, and is further configured to contact the user's face surrounding the covered portions of the user's face to substantially prevent gas from escaping between the body and the contacted portions of the user's face. The orientation structure is configured to receive an oral appliance post to establish and maintain a custom orientation between the medical mask and the oral appliance post and the orientation structure includes a deformable material which includes a second polymer capable of transitioning between deformable and non-deformable states.

U.S. Pat. No. 8,254,637 for “Mask fitting system and method” by inventors Abourizk et al., filed Jul. 26, 2007 and issued Aug. 28, 2012, is directed to a system and methods for selecting a mask system for a patient, where certain example embodiments include generating 3D contours of patients and selecting mask systems based at least on those contours. These contours may be generated by using, for example, a cushion of translatable pins, a nasal cannular scanning device, and/or a shadow stereopsis sensor. Certain other example embodiments allow images and/or videos to be captured and optionally synchronized. Then, images of various mask systems may be overlaid to determine how well a mask system fits. In still other embodiments, a user can hold a transparency corresponding to a mask design in front of the patient's face to determine how well a mask system fits.

U.S. Pat. No. 7,827,038 for “Mask fitting system and method” by inventors Richard et al., filed Jun. 6, 2005 and issued Nov. 2, 2010, is directed to a mask fitting system for selecting a mask system for a patient includes at least one terminal which receives data unique to a patient. The patient data can be scanned in using a scanner, such as a handheld or 3-D scanner, or the relevant dimensions of the patient can be simply input into the terminal. A database is provided to store mask system data relating to a plurality of potential mask system solutions for the patient. A communication channel is provided by which the data received by the terminal can be compared with mask system data stored in a mask system database, so as to generate a best-fit mask system result. The best-fit result may include one or more mask system recommendations for the patient.

U.S. Publication No. 20060023228 for “Custom fit facial, nasal, and nostril masks” by inventor Geng, filed Jun. 10, 2005 and issued Feb. 2, 2006, is directed to a process for fabricating a facial mask to custom fit a patient's face for a comfortable fit for facilitating various medical procedures including the steps of generating a 3D data set to define a portion of a patient's face to be fitted with a custom mask, fabricating a patient's mask utilizing a patient's 3D facial data set, and fitting a patient with a custom fit facial mask for facilitating a desired medical procedure.

U.S. Publication No. 20040263863 for “System and method for design and manufacture of custom face masks” by inventors Rogers et al., filed Jan. 27, 2004 and issued Dec. 30, 2004, is directed to methods and systems for forming face masks. Embodiments may utilize computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing to form custom fitted face masks. System software may be configured to acquire facial topography information, design a mask based on the topography information, and send mask information to a computerized manufacturing device. The software may communicate with a scanning device for facial topography acquisition and a milling machine for pattern fabrication. In an embodiment, the scanning device may include a linear scan non-contact laser imager. In an embodiment, the scanning device may be manually moved with respect to an individual being scanned, thereby eliminating the need for motive apparatus. In such embodiments, position information may be determined based on data from a position sensor coupled to the scanning device.

U.S. Publication No. 20100199992 for “Cushion inside a cushion patient interface” by inventors Ho et al., filed Apr. 27, 2010 and published Aug. 12, 2010, is directed to a patient interface device that includes a mask shell and a cushion assembly. The cushion assembly includes a seal cushion and a support cushion. The seal cushion contacts a first area of a patient's face to form a seal therewith. The support cushion defines a second area over a face of such a patient when the patient interface device is being worn. The second area overlaps at least a portion of the first area.

U.S. Publication No. 20100258133 for “Face mask” by inventors Todd et al., filed Nov. 11, 2008 and published Oct. 14, 2010, is directed to a mask assembly for delivering gas to a patient that includes a mask body and a breathing circuit interface. The mask body includes an opening for reception of the gas and includes a seal structure for sealingly engaging with the face of the patient and surrounding at least the nose and mouth of the patient. The breathing circuit interface includes a first portion rotatably connected with the mask body and a second portion that is constructed and arranged to releasably connect with a conduit for delivering the gas to the patient through the opening.

U.S. Publication No. 20080060648 for “Stability Medical Mask” by inventors Thornton et al., filed Sep. 11, 2007 and published Mar. 13, 2008, is directed to a medical mask including a rigid sealing portion configured to cover and seal around at least a portion of a user's nose including the user's nostrils and a rigid stabilizing frame coupled to the rigid sealing portion. The rigid stabilizing frame includes a generally horizontal upper support member configured to bear against the user's forehead, a generally vertical support member coupled between the rigid sealing portion and the upper support member, and lower left and right support members coupled between the rigid sealing portion and the upper support member and configured to bear against the user's cheeks. The rigid stabilizing frame defines two openings configured to allow the user to see through the medical mask when the medical mask is positioned on the user's face.

WIPO Publication No. WO2013026091 for “Manufactured to shape headgear and masks” by inventors Dunn et al., filed Aug. 21, 2012 and published Feb. 28, 2013, is directed to a headgear or headgear segments that are manufactured to shape thereby producing little or no waste material. Techniques such as knitting, braiding, crocheting, and 3D printing can be used produce the headgear.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,492,116 for “Respiratory mask with floating seal responsive to pressurized gas” by inventors Scarberry et al., filed Jun. 3, 1994 and issued Feb. 20, 1996, is directed to a respiratory mask adapted to confront the face of a user in a manner to float with respect to the user's face on a cushion of gaseous medium contained within the mask for user breathing, the gaseous medium being contained within the mask by a flexible seal means carried by the mask and maintained in sealing engagement with the user's face while providing essentially no structural support for the mask with respect to the user's face.

U.S. Publication No. 20180064897 for “Delivery of respiratory therapy” by inventors Kwok et al., filed Nov. 10, 2017 and published Mar. 8, 2018, is directed to a patient interface including a sealing arrangement adapted to provide an effective seal with the patient's nose, an inlet conduit arrangement adapted to deliver breathable gas to the sealing arrangement, and a cover that substantially encloses the sealing arrangement and/or the inlet conduit arrangement.

U.S. Publication No. 20170173289 for “Methods and systems for providing interface components for respiratory therapy” by inventors Lucey et al., filed Nov. 7, 2016 and published Jun. 22, 2017 is directed to systems and methods that permit generation of a digital scan of a user's face such as for obtaining of a patient respiratory mask, or component(s) thereof, based on the digital scan. The method may include: receiving video data comprising a plurality of video frames of the user's face taken from a plurality of angles relative to the user's face, generating a three-dimensional representation of a surface of the user's face based on the plurality of video frames, receiving scale estimation data associated with the received video data, the scale estimation data indicative of a relative size of the user's face, and scaling the digital three-dimensional representation of the user's face based on the scale estimation data. In some aspects, the scale estimation data may be derived from motion information collected by the same device that collects the scan of the user's face.

U.S. Publication No. 20150250971 for “Facial mask and method of making” by inventors Bachelder et al., filed Mar. 6, 2015 and published Sep. 10, 2015, is directed to masks for various uses and methods for manufacture thereof, including masks for use in continuous positive air pressure (CPAP) therapies. An example includes a mask having a first, relatively softer material for contact with the face of the user, and a second, relatively harder or more structural material used away from the face of the user, with a gradient therebetween. The mask can be produced by additive manufacturing to avoid a discernible boundary between the first and second materials.

U.S. Publication No. 20150045926 for “System and method for forming a custom medical mask from a three-dimensional electronic model” by inventor Thornton, filed Oct. 27, 2014 and published Feb. 12, 2015, is directed to a custom medical mask formed for a particular user from a three-dimensional electronic model includes a body formed from a polymerized photopolymer material. An interior surface of the body is configured to seat on the particular user's face and comprises a physical embodiment of a three-dimensional electronic model corresponding to unique facial features of the particular user. The publication also describes a method of creating a three-dimensional electronic model for use in forming a custom medical mask for a particular user that includes scanning a portion of the particular user's face using an electronic scanning device, generating a three-dimensional electronic model of the portion of the particular user's face based on the scanning, and transmitting the three-dimensional electronic model of the portion of the particular user's face for use in forming the custom medical mask for the particular user from a photopolymer using a stereolithography apparatus.

U.S. Publication No. 20180325206 for “Custom fit mask and strap assembly and method of producing a custom fit mask and strap assembly” by inventors Siska et al., filed May 9, 2018 and published Nov. 15, 2018, is directed to a method of producing a custom mask and strap assembly for an aviator's helmet, including: creating a custom mold using additive manufacturing based on at least two physiognomy parameters; forming the custom mask made of an elastomer from the custom mold; assembling the custom mask with a hard shell; and, securing the custom mask and the hard shell to the helmet by a strap assembly, the strap assembly including a strap anchor securable to the helmet and a strap slidably connected to the strap anchor. The strap includes a first side and a second side and further includes a first end securable to a first portion of the mask with the first side facing the mask and a second end securable to a second portion of the mask with the second side facing the mask.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,372,130 for “Face mask assembly and method having a fan and replaceable filter” by inventors Stern et al., filed Feb. 26, 1992 and issued Dec. 13, 1994, is directed to a face mask assembly and method of use having a housing and a replaceable filter mounted in said housing. A fan means draws air into a plenum chamber defined by said housing and said filter for this air to pass into a facial breathing area. An outlet check valve is provided, and a primary filter through which air passes before entering said plenum chamber.

U.S. Patent Publication No. 2020/0206543 for “General-purpose synthetic resin mask using velcro inserting-type filter exchange mode, and injection molding and manufacturing method therefor” by inventor Lee, filed Mar. 10, 2020 and published Jul. 2, 2020, is directed to a velcro inserting type universal synthetic resin mask with a replaceable filter, an injection molding apparatus therefor, and a manufacturing method thereof are described. The velcro inserting type universal synthetic resin mask with a replaceable filter can include a mask guide with a rim-like shape which supports a filter insertion portion therein and is formed of a synthetic resin by an injection molding process using an upper mold and a lower mold along with the filter insertion portion; and a velcro for attachment of a filter which is placed at a front portion of a velcro entity for attachment of a filter forming portion of the upper mold during the injection molding process for the mask guide and the filter insertion portion and formed on the mask guide when inserted such that the velcro for attachment of a filter is fixed through a velcro entity insertion hole of the upper mold.

U.S. Patent Publication No. 2015/0034098 for “Air filtration mask with opening front cover” by inventor Schumacher, filed Jul. 11, 2014 and published Feb. 5, 2015, is directed to an air filtration mask formed from individual connectable components namely a base member, a filter holder member, a filter member, and an optional decorative mask cover member. The base member employs studs which allow the filter holding member to securely attach to the base member by means of holes in latches located around the rim of the filter holder member. A replaceable filter member attaches to the filter holder member snapping into the studs located on the inside of the filter holder. A fashion mask cover member can be attached to the front of the filter holder to enhance the appearance. A fashion scarf or bandana can be further attached to the base of the mask so that the mask assembly can stay completely hidden while worn.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to extended wear contoured facial masks.

It is an object of this invention to provide a customized, contoured facial mask constructed and configured to cover and to contact a corresponding contoured surface area covering a substantial surface area of a human face.

A further object of this invention is to provide methods of making the customized, contoured facial mask using three-dimensional (3D) printing methods and materials.

Accordingly, a broad embodiment of this invention is directed to customized, contoured facial masks with a removable air filter.

In one embodiment, the present invention is directed to a facial mask, including a customized, contoured facial mask portion constructed and configured to matingly cover a corresponding contoured surface area of a face of an individual user and match facial contours of the face of the individual user, wherein the facial mask includes strap attachments and at least one strap for securing the customized, contoured facial mask portion to the face of the individual user during use, wherein the customized, contoured facial mask portion includes a contact portion for matingly contacting the face of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is formed based on a three-dimensional (3-D) scan of the face of the individual user, and the contact portion is adapted to conform to unique facial features and match the facial contours of the individual user, wherein the contact portion is configured to not contact a nose of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is configured to not contact a glabella of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is configured to seal around eyes of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is adapted to substantially contact a forehead of the individual user during use, wherein the facial mask is configured to cover the glabella of the individual user during use, wherein the facial mask is configured to not cover and not contact the eyes of the individual user during use, wherein the at least one strap is sized to extend around the individual user's head and is for applying a pressure distributed across the customized, contoured facial mask portion, and wherein the facial mask includes at least one replaceable air filter operable to filter bacterial and viral pathogens.

In another embodiment, the present invention is directed to a facial mask, including a customized, contoured facial mask portion constructed and configured to matingly cover a corresponding contoured surface area of a face of an individual user and match facial contours of the face of the individual user, wherein the facial mask includes strap attachments and at least one strap for securing the customized, contoured facial mask portion to the face of the individual user during use, wherein the customized, contoured facial mask portion includes a contact portion for matingly contacting the face of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is formed based on a three-dimensional (3-D) scan of the face of the individual user, and the contact portion is adapted to conform to unique facial features and match the facial contours of the individual user, wherein the customized, contoured facial mask portion is adapted to extend below a chin of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is configured to not contact a chin boss of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is configured to not contact a nose of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is configured to not contact a glabella of the individual user during use, wherein the facial mask is configured to cover the glabella of the individual user during use, wherein the facial mask is configured to not cover and not contact the eyes of the individual user during use, wherein the facial mask includes a first material in contact with the face of the individual user and a second material to provide structural support to the facial mask, and wherein the facial mask includes at least one replaceable air filter operable to filter bacterial and viral pathogens.

In yet another embodiment, the present invention is directed to a facial mask, including a customized, contoured facial mask portion constructed and configured to matingly cover a corresponding contoured surface area of a face of an individual user and match facial contours of the face of the individual user, wherein the facial mask includes strap attachments and at least one strap for securing the customized, contoured facial mask portion to the face of the individual user during use, wherein the customized, contoured facial mask portion includes a contact portion for matingly contacting the face of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is formed based on a three-dimensional (3-D) scan of the face of the individual user, and the contact portion is adapted to conform to unique facial features and match the facial contours of the individual user, wherein the customized, contoured facial mask portion is adapted to extend below a chin of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is configured to not contact a chin boss of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is configured to not contact a nose of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is configured to seal around eyes of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is adapted to substantially contact a forehead of the individual user during use, wherein the facial mask is configured to cover a glabella of the individual user during use, wherein the facial mask is configured to not cover and not contact the eyes of the individual user during use, wherein the facial mask includes a first material in contact with the face of the individual user and a second material to provide structural support to the facial mask, and wherein the facial mask includes at least one replaceable air filter operable to filter bacterial and viral pathogens.

These and other aspects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art after a reading of the following description of the preferred embodiment when considered with the drawings, as they support the claimed invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a perspective view of one embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a perspective view of another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a perspective view of yet another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a perspective view of still another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 5 illustrates a perspective view of one embodiment of a facial mask having a rounded edge.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a facial mask having at least one zone with a graduated thickness.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a facial mask having at least one zone with a graduated thickness.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of yet another embodiment of a facial mask having at least one zone with a graduated thickness.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a perspective view of one embodiment of the invention having two zones of graduated pressure.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a perspective view of another embodiment of the invention having two zones of graduated pressure.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a top view of an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a side view of an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a side view of another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a side view of yet another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a side view of an embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 9.

FIG. 16 illustrates ventilation holes according to one embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 17 illustrates ventilation holes according to another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a top view of an embodiment of the invention with ventilation holes.

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a side view of an embodiment of the invention with ventilation holes.

FIG. 20 illustrates a half-ellipsoid with axes a, b, and c, and a height h of an ellipsoid cap.

FIG. 21 shows an angled perspective view of the half-ellipsoid with 20% of the surface area, 50% of the surface area, and 80% of the surface area of the half-ellipsoid labeled.

FIG. 22 shows a side perspective view of the half-ellipsoid with 20% of the surface area, 50% of the surface area, 80% of the surface area, and 100% of the surface area of the half-ellipsoid labeled.

FIG. 23A illustrates one embodiment of a facial mask including face mask magnets for attaching eyeglasses.

FIG. 23B illustrates one embodiment of eyeglasses including eyeglasses magnets.

FIG. 23C illustrates the eyeglasses of FIG. 23B magnetically attached to the face mask of FIG. 23A.

FIG. 24 illustrates one embodiment of a facial mask with a clip for attaching eyeglasses.

FIG. 25 illustrates one embodiment of a face mask with a removable air filter.

FIG. 26 illustrates another embodiment of a face mask with a removable air filter.

FIG. 27 illustrates yet another embodiment of a face mask with a removable air filter.

FIG. 28 illustrates still another embodiment of a face mask with a removable air filter.

FIG. 29 illustrates one embodiment of a face mask with a removable air filter and a temperature sensor.

FIG. 30 illustrates one embodiment of a face mask with a removable air filter and a temperature sensor.

FIG. 31 illustrates one embodiment of an attachment mechanism for a removable filter.

FIG. 32 illustrates one embodiment of a removable air filter for a face mask.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention is generally directed to a face mask apparatus, and more particularly, to a face mask apparatus with a removable filter, and methods of making the same.

In one embodiment, the present invention is directed to a facial mask, including a customized, contoured facial mask portion constructed and configured to matingly cover a corresponding contoured surface area of a face of an individual user and match facial contours of the face of the individual user, wherein the facial mask includes strap attachments and at least one strap for securing the customized, contoured facial mask portion to the face of the individual user during use, wherein the customized, contoured facial mask portion includes a contact portion for matingly contacting the face of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is formed based on a three-dimensional (3-D) scan of the face of the individual user, and the contact portion is adapted to conform to unique facial features and match the facial contours of the individual user, wherein the contact portion is configured to not contact a nose of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is configured to not contact a glabella of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is configured to seal around eyes of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is adapted to substantially contact a forehead of the individual user during use, wherein the facial mask is configured to cover the glabella of the individual user during use, wherein the facial mask is configured to not cover and not contact the eyes of the individual user during use, wherein the at least one strap is sized to extend around the individual user's head and is for applying a pressure distributed across the customized, contoured facial mask portion, and wherein the facial mask includes at least one replaceable air filter operable to filter bacterial and viral pathogens.

In another embodiment, the present invention is directed to a facial mask, including a customized, contoured facial mask portion constructed and configured to matingly cover a corresponding contoured surface area of a face of an individual user and match facial contours of the face of the individual user, wherein the facial mask includes strap attachments and at least one strap for securing the customized, contoured facial mask portion to the face of the individual user during use, wherein the customized, contoured facial mask portion includes a contact portion for matingly contacting the face of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is formed based on a three-dimensional (3-D) scan of the face of the individual user, and the contact portion is adapted to conform to unique facial features and match the facial contours of the individual user, wherein the customized, contoured facial mask portion is adapted to extend below a chin of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is configured to not contact a chin boss of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is configured to not contact a nose of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is configured to not contact a glabella of the individual user during use, wherein the facial mask is configured to cover the glabella of the individual user during use, wherein the facial mask is configured to not cover and not contact the eyes of the individual user during use, wherein the facial mask includes a first material in contact with the face of the individual user and a second material to provide structural support to the facial mask, and wherein the facial mask includes at least one replaceable air filter operable to filter bacterial and viral pathogens.

In yet another embodiment, the present invention is directed to a facial mask, including a customized, contoured facial mask portion constructed and configured to matingly cover a corresponding contoured surface area of a face of an individual user and match facial contours of the face of the individual user, wherein the facial mask includes strap attachments and at least one strap for securing the customized, contoured facial mask portion to the face of the individual user during use, wherein the customized, contoured facial mask portion includes a contact portion for matingly contacting the face of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is formed based on a three-dimensional (3-D) scan of the face of the individual user, and the contact portion is adapted to conform to unique facial features and match the facial contours of the individual user, wherein the customized, contoured facial mask portion is adapted to extend below a chin of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is configured to not contact a chin boss of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is configured to not contact a nose of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is configured to seal around eyes of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is adapted to substantially contact a forehead of the individual user during use, wherein the facial mask is configured to cover a glabella of the individual user during use, wherein the facial mask is configured to not cover and not contact the eyes of the individual user during use, wherein the facial mask includes a first material in contact with the face of the individual user and a second material to provide structural support to the facial mask, and wherein the facial mask includes at least one replaceable air filter operable to filter bacterial and viral pathogens.

In 2020 and 2021, COVID-19 became a daily worry in people's lives. Masks were and, in some cases, still are required when carrying out a variety of basic tasks, including going to the store, going to work, and picking up kids from school. However, masks currently available on the market cause irritation for many people, whether because of the material out of which the mask is made, or because the mask is required to contact sensitive areas of the face for long periods of time. Furthermore, many of the masks currently on the market fail to adequately protect a wearer from catching the virus, either due to a poor quality of material, or due to leaks in the coverage of the mask on the face.

Masks often come in standardized sizes (e.g., small, medium, large). Additionally, there are different masks for adults and children. However, the masks are typically not customized and create impressions on the face, and/or cause rashes on areas of the face of the user during and/or after use. As the mask must often be worn for much of the day, these impressions and rashes on the face of the user are frequently recited as issues of extreme discomfort. Further, many users have to try out multiple masks in order to find one that is comfortable and fits properly, which causes frustration and additional costs. These issues are just a few of many factors that decrease mask compliance during a pandemic, which also include contact dermatitis caused by prolonged contact with the mask and/or allergic reaction to the mask, inability to communicate via speech or facial expressions, lack of customizability of masks, fogging of eyeglasses during use of the mask, improper sizing of the mask, and/or physical discomfort with the mask.

It is difficult to find a mask with a good fit because facial dimensions and contours are unique to each person. In a 2014 study conducted by Sheehan and Nachman published in Nature Communications, the researchers used a database of body measurements compiled from male and female military personnel in 1988 to evaluate the variability in human facial features based on sixteen different facial measurements. The researchers concluded that each individual facial trait is independent of other facial traits, unlike traits of other parts of the body. For example, while the length and width of an individual's hand are correlated, such that a person with a long hand is generally also expected to have a wide hand, the length and width of the nose are not correlated. Further, the largest amount of variability with facial traits are within the triangle of the eyes, mouth, and nose. Because the nose and the mouth must be covered in order for a COVID-19 mask to be effective, this high variability area is an area of importance for proper mask fit.

Because their masks often does not fit properly, users frequently tighten the straps of the mask too much in order to create a seal, causing pain and discomfort. On the other hand, many users loosen the mask too much such that no seal forms at all, allowing pathogens to pass easily into or out of the user's mouth or nose. Further, the mask often causes creases, lines, rashes or other undesired cosmetic changes in the user's face due to extended use of the mask. Most prior art masks are configured for both perimeter contact of the mask with the face (e.g., around the entire face or around the nose and mouth) and contact of the interior mask with most areas of the face, as cloth and soft polymers easily stick to the face. Therefore, while creases often appear at the perimeter of the mask, rashes and other sensitized areas appear also in the interior region of the mask. Furthermore, many masks, especially surgical-style masks, include a stiffer wire portion designed to conform around the bridge of the nose. Long-term pressure of the stiffer wire against the nose frequently leads to discomfort for users. Further, other masks have one or more straps around the ears of the user, which leave creases and/or rashes behind the ear.

What is needed is a facial mask to protect against airborne pathogens all day that is comfortable, provides a custom fit for the user, and does not cause lines, wrinkles, rashes and other undesired cosmetic changes in the user's face. There is a long-felt unmet need for a facial mask that prevents undesired cosmetic changes in the user's face due to extended wear of the mask, provides for increased comfort by contacting a large surface area of the face while not contacting the glabella, the philtrum, the nose or the chin boss of the user, requires only one strap to hold the mask to the user's face, and does not cover and does not contact the eyes of the individual user.

None of the prior art discloses a facial mask that matingly contacts at least 50% of the surface area of the face and matches the facial contours of the individual user, does not cover and does not contact the eyes during use, does not cause undesired cosmetic changes in the user's face, and does not contact the glabella, the nose, the nasolabial folds, the philtrum, and the chin boss of the user. Advantageously, the facial mask of the present invention is able to be secured to the user's face with a single strap due to the large surface area of the face (i.e., at least 50% of the surface area) in mating contact with the facial mask. Preferably, mating contact or “matingly” as used in this application means that two components are formed of mutually complementing shapes that physically connect. Examples of mating connections include electrical connectors, jigsaw puzzles, and a bolted joint. One of the most common examples of a mating connection is a bolt, which has external threads, and a nut, which has internal threads. In this example, the bolt acts as a “male” component, while the nut acts as a “female” component. Mating components maintain their entire physical integrity when in contact with each other. Neither component becomes deformed when in contact with the other.

Referring now to the drawings in general, the illustrations are for the purpose of describing a preferred embodiment of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention thereto.

The present invention provides a three-dimensional (3D) printed custom face mask component of a sleep apnea treatment device, which addresses the need for customizable masks connected to the machine. The present invention utilizes 3D printing technology to create customizable masks for sleep apnea patients.

The present invention provides a customized sleep apnea mask formed utilizing 3D printing technologies that conforms to the unique facial features of an individual user. The mask embodiments of the present invention are customizable for each user to provide matching contours of the human face for increased comfort when the mask is worn.

Advantageously, in one embodiment of the present invention, the facial mask provided in the present invention is able to be safely washed in a dishwasher or using another common household appliance.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a 3D model of the anatomically customized mask is created using multidimensional data of an individual's face. The multidimensional data of the individual's face is operable to be acquired through the use of 3D scanners, multiple image or video cameras and digital reconstruction software, dot or line scans from laser imaging, pattern laser photography, stereo photography, or any number of 3D modeling technologies. In one embodiment, the multidimensional data of the individual's face is acquired while the individual is lying down. Once digitization of the face's 3D surface occurs, an operator is operable to further customize the mask to provide enhanced functionality and aesthetics. For example, and not by way of limitation, the operator is operable to use a computer aided design (CAD) or modeling software to define the boundaries of the mask, create modifications such as strap attachment slit or airway passage, or allow for modular connections such as for a breathing tube.

In another embodiment, the multidimensional data of the individual's face is obtained using a smartphone or a tablet. The multidimensional data of the individual's face is acquired through multiple images and/or video taken with the smartphone or the tablet. In one embodiment, the smartphone or the tablet utilizes an accelerometer or other sensors to ensure that sufficient data is acquired. In another embodiment, the smartphone or the tablet has a mobile application that is operable to transmit the multidimensional data of the individual's face to the operator. The mobile application is also operable to allow the individual to request modifications and features to customize the facial mask.

Since 3D printing in additive printing embodiments involves printing in layers, any digitized model must be mathematically translated, usually by the printer software, into cross-sections or “slices” of the desired print-out. Any intermediate or finalized 3D digital model (e.g., a STL, VRML, or AMF file) is operable to be read by the 3D printer for creating the cross-sections or “slices.” Additionally, the model is analyzed by the printer software in order to determine the most structurally efficient location to print extraneous supports to aid in the printing process. These supports are operable to be removed through chemical or manual removal techniques following printing.

In another embodiment, subtractive manufacturing is used in order to remove material from a starting material or block. In this case, standard mathematical operations are performed by the 3D printer to determine the appropriate angle, strength, and depth with which to remove material from the starting material or block. This process is completed on a subtractive 3D printer (e.g., a CNC machine). In a preferred embodiment, the subtractive 3D printer is operable to cut around at least three axes. Advantageously, this minimizes the number of times the starting material or block must be turned during the printing process. In one embodiment, a combination of additive and subtractive printing methods is used to manufacture the face mask.

In yet another embodiment, more advanced methods of 3D are used, such as laser-based stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), or other resin-based printing methods, such as continuous liquid interface production (CLIP). The resin-based methods provide the benefit of more customizable, faster printing, while allowing for variability in material choice.

Furthermore, the present invention allows for 3D modeling data to be stored in a database for future use. In one embodiment, such a database, housed in a non-transitory medium such as the memory of a computer, contains modeling data for individual face contours, modifications to these contours, templates for enhanced functionality or aesthetics, or 3D models of objects to be incorporated into or on to a facial mask. In one embodiment, the database of modeling data is used to reproduce previously printed 3D masks and/or is be used to adapt such data to a future use, including inventory management, record-keeping, or branding. In one embodiment, the database is accessible through a web interface, providing access to operators, customers, or third parties, with granted access to the database capable of being limited. In one embodiment, the database is accessible through a mobile application on a smartphone.

Importantly, to ensure customized fit of the face mask, the contact portion of the customized, contoured facial mask is constructed and configured to cover and to matingly contact a corresponding contoured surface area of a human face, is unitarily and integrally formed by 3D printing, and is formed of a synthetic material or plastic. Preferably, a flexible layer is provided on the surface that contacts the face of the user, i.e., that contacts and “mates” with the contours of the user's face, for additional comfort increase. In one embodiment, the flexible layer is a soft plastic layer, a silicone layer, or a rubber layer. So then both the coverage of the mask over the face of the user and the soft underside layer each separately and in combination provide maximum pressure distribution over the face surface of the user. Thus, the face mask is operable to be formed of a stratified, multilayer structure, wherein the underside layer that contacts the user's face is a softer material than the outer layer, although the layers are operable to be formed integrally together or bonded together. A stratified, multilayer mask refers to a mask formed or deposited in individual layers, wherein one layer is over or under at least one other layer (i.e., like stratified rock formations in geology). In a preferred embodiment, the underside layer is a flexible layer and the outer layer is a rigid layer. The rigid outer layer provides structural support for the face mask, while the flexible underside layer provides comfort to the user.

U.S. Publication No. 20150250971 describes multi-layered facial masks and is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. In one embodiment, the facial mask includes a gradient between a first layer and a second layer. The gradient is in a horizontal direction and/or a vertical direction. In another embodiment, the facial mask includes more than one gradient. In yet another embodiment, the first layer is in contact with the face and the second layer provides structural support.

U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,869,170, 7,565,633, 7,845,352, 7,963,284, 8,147,910, 8,175,734, 8,874,251, and 9,345,849, U.S. Publication Nos. 20120224755, 20150042762, 20150045926, 20170173289, 20170173892, 20180325206, and 20180369529, and European Patents 2486547 and 2482248 are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. These documents describe details of 3D printing, materials used for 3D printing, and customizable masks made of plastic or gel materials including but not limited to plastic, living cells, leather, nylon, metal, and thermoplastics. In one embodiment, the facial mask is formed of at least one composition that is curable using ultraviolet (UV) light (e.g., TangoPlus FLX930, VeroClear RGD810).

In one embodiment, the face mask includes at least one reinforcing material. The at least one reinforcing material is a carbon fiber, an aramid (e.g., Kevlar®), a para-aramid (e.g., Twaron®), an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (e.g., Spectra Shield), poly (p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) (e.g., Zylon), silk, and/or a glass fiber.

In another embodiment, the face mask incorporates at least one ballistic resistant material. The at least one ballistic resistant material is an aramid, a para-aramid, a polypropylene, a polyethylene, poly (p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole), a liquid crystal polymer (e.g., Vectran®), and/or a polyester.

In yet another embodiment, the face mask incorporates at least one fireproof or fire-resistant material. The at least one fireproof or fire-resistant material is thermoplastic polyurethane, a polycarbonate, an aramid, a para-aramid, a meta-aramid (e.g., Nomex®), a polybenzimidazole (e.g., Celazole®), a polyimide (e.g., P84®), a melamine derivative (e.g., Basofil®), a phenol derivative (e.g., Kynol®), a polyetherimide, a polyphenylene sulfide fiber (e.g., TORCON™), a liquid crystal polymer (e.g., Vectran®), and/or a glass fiber.

The face mask incorporates at least one waterproof or water-resistant material in another embodiment. The at least one waterproof or water-resistant material is silicone, rubber, a synthetic rubber (e.g., Neoprene®), and/or a plastic (e.g., polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyethylene).

U.S. Publication No. 20120305003 for “Rapid Production of Customized Masks” by inventor Mark, filed Oct. 21, 2009 and published Dec. 6, 2012, is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. This application describes a system designed for the rapid preparation of anatomically customized mask employing data from a patient. The data is operable to take the form of a multidimensional image of a target area of a patient's face obtained by optical 3-dimensional imaging, or a dot or line scan form laser imaging, pattern laser photography or stereo photography. Also disclosed is a mask that is made of a thin layer, so it is lightweight and closely hugs the targeted region upon which it rests (e.g., the nasal region).

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a perspective view of one embodiment of the invention. The contact area is depicted in FIG. 1 by the shaded region. In a preferred embodiment, the contact area of the facial mask 10 includes the forehead 12 and the cheeks 14. The forehead 12 is the skin under the hairline and above the eyebrows and ears. Preferably, the mask is configured to cover and matingly contact about 90% of the forehead during use. In other embodiments, the mask is configured to cover and matingly contact about 100% of the forehead during use, about 95% of the forehead during use, about 85% of the forehead during use, about 80% of the forehead during use, about 75% of the forehead during use, or about 70% of the forehead during use. The cheeks 14 are on either side of the face below the eye and above the jaw. The cheeks 14 are by surface area the largest subunit of the face. Preferably, the mask is configured to cover and matingly contact about 90% of the cheeks during use. In other embodiments, the mask is configured to cover and matingly contact about 100% of the cheeks during use, about 80% of the cheeks during use, about 70% of the cheeks during use, about 60% of the cheeks during use, about 55% of the cheeks during use, or about 50% of the cheeks during use. In one embodiment, the contact area includes the brow ridges (supraorbital ridges) 40.

In a preferred embodiment, the facial mask 10 does not cover and does not contact the eyes of the user. As shown in FIG. 1, the facial mask 10 preferably includes two openings 16 for the user's eyes when the facial mask 10 is on the face of the user. The mask is thus preferably in mating contact with the skin which surrounds the eyes of the user. Full face masks often fog up or become dirty and block the user's vision. Additionally, full face masks lead to dry eyes and other eye issues for patients. The present invention advantageously does not cover and does not contact the eyes, which provides comfort to the user and prevents the eyes from drying out. Further, air leakage from nasal masks also causes the eyes of the user to dry out in some instances. This air leakage is often caused by a mask with a poor fit. Advantageously, the present invention provides the user with a custom-fit facial mask that mates with the contours of the user's face, providing a good fit and preventing air leakage that causes the eyes to dry out. There is a long-felt, unmet need in the art for a sleep apnea mask which is operable to minimize or eliminate cosmetic changes typically caused by extended wear of the mask while simultaneously providing the benefit of preventing air leakage that causes the user's eyes to dry out.

The facial mask preferably does not contact the glabella 18, the root of the nose 20, the nose 22, the nostrils 24, the philtrum 28, and the chin boss 30 of the user. These areas of the face are more sensitive than other areas of the face and often cause discomfort to the user if contacted by the mask. In another embodiment, the facial mask does not contact the nasolabial folds (i.e., “smile lines” or “laugh lines”) 26. Some of these areas (e.g., the glabella 18, the nasolabial folds 26, and the philtrum 28) are prone to wrinkles. Advantageously, not contacting the face in these areas helps to prevent lines, creases, or other undesired cosmetic changes in the user's face with continued of the facial mask.

The present invention differs from the prior art, including U.S. Publication Nos. 20120305003 and 20100258133, in that it is designed to minimize the cosmetic changes to the face of the user upon continual use of the mask. The present invention does this by providing a much larger contact area than the prior art, including the large surfaces areas of the face, such as the forehead 12 and the cheeks 14. The term “face” is understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. By way of illustration and not limitation, the term “face” refers to the front portion of the head, defined vertically from the top of the forehead to the base of the chin and horizontally from the start of each ear. The face thus includes, inter alia, the forehead, the eyes, the nose, the mouth, the cheeks, the jaw, the glabella, the superciliary arches, the philtrum, the superior palpebral sulcus, the inferior palpebral sulcus, the palpebromalar sulcus, nasolabial folds, mentolabial sulcus, and any other features that are located vertically between the top of the forehead and the base of the chin and horizontally between the start of each ear. In a preferred embodiment, the facial mask covers and matingly contacts at least 80% of the surface area of the face of the user. In another embodiment, the facial mask covers and matingly contacts at least 50% of the surface area of the face of the user. Alternatively, the facial mask covers and matingly contacts at least 60% of the surface area of the face or at least 70% of the surface area of the face of the user. In further embodiments, the facial mask covers and matingly contacts at least 55% of the surface area of the face of the user, at least 65% of the surface area of the face of the user, and at least 75% of the surface area of the face of the user.

By extending the mask onto these surfaces, the present invention also allows for the mask to be constructed so that it does not touch the more sensitive parts of the user's face, including the nose 22 and the chin, especially the chin boss 30. The mask is designed and constructed to not touch the chin boss 30 such that the user is able to move the chin while the mask is on. This mobility is found to reduce the irritation of wearing a mask.

Some masks of the prior art rely on a flexible peripheral seal around the edges of the mask to conform to the unique features of the user's face. In order to seal against the face of the user, the flexible peripheral seal becomes deformed due to the force from the face against the peripheral seal. Additionally, or alternatively, the face of the user becomes deformed during wear of the mask due to the force from the peripheral seal against the face. Pressure is defined as force per unit area. The force of the mask caused by the straps holding the mask to the face of the user is distributed only across the perimeter contact portion, resulting in a high pressure against the face. This limited contact footprint of the flexible peripheral seal around the edges of a mask causes creases, lines, or other undesired cosmetic changes in the user's face upon continual use of the mask.

In contrast, the facial mask of the present invention does not rely on perimeter contact to seal against face. In fact, the force applied from the mask to the face or the force applied from the face to the mask around the edge or perimeter of the mask during use is less than or equal to the average of the entirety of the force applied from the mask to the face or the force applied from the face to the mask during use. The force applied from the mask to the face or the force applied from the face to the mask around the edge or perimeter of the mask is also less than or equal to the force applied from the mask to the face or the force applied from the face to the mask at any specific point or group of points of face/mask contact during use. This results in a substantially even pressure distribution across the contact area. Additionally, unlike much of the prior art, the mask of the present invention does not include a separate peripheral portion to seal around the edge of the mask/face interface because the mask of the present invention does not merely seal around the edge of the mask/face interface. Advantageously, the facial mask of the present invention matingly contacts at least 50% of the surface area of the face, which provides a larger surface area to sealingly contact the face. The mask configuration also provides for reduced pressure points and/or no pressure points on higher contour areas of the face (e.g., the nose, between the nose and the upper lip, the cheekbones, the jawline, the chin), and therefore provides for increased comfort to the user. For the higher contour areas of the face in contact with the mask (e.g., the cheekbones, the jawline), the pressure points are reduced due to the force of the mask on the face being distributed over a large surface area (e.g., at least 50% of the surface area of the face). Further, because the facial mask matingly contacts the face, neither the face nor the mask become deformed during wear of the mask, which prevents creases, lines, or other undesired cosmetic changes in the user's face.

Additionally, the facial mask matingly contacting the face allows for greater stability of the mask during the continuous use while sleeping. Users often move while sleeping, which sometimes leads to leaks and a poor fit on the face. Advantageously, the facial mask of the present invention matingly contacts the face of the user and matches the facial contours of the individual user. This prevents the facial mask from shifting on the user's face while sleeping.

The facial mask preferably includes strap attachments and at least one strap 34 for securing the mask portion to the face. The at least one strap 34 is attached to the facial mask via strap attachment points 32. In a preferred embodiment, the strap attachment points 32 are positioned on opposite sides of the facial mask. In one embodiment, the strap attachment points 32 are loop holes. In one embodiment, the strap attachments consist of only two strap attachment points 32. The at least one strap 34 is sized to extend around the user's head. The at least one strap 34 is sized to not contact the ears of the individual user. In a preferred embodiment, the at least one strap 34 is sized to not contact the cheeks of the individual user.

In a preferred embodiment, the at least one strap 34 is a single axial strap. Advantageously, a single strap is operable to be used with the present invention due to the substantial contact of the surface area of the face, including the forehead 12 and the cheeks 14 of the user. In contrast, prior art masks that contact the forehead of the user either require more than one strap or include the strap in a disadvantageous location (e.g., across the ears, the forehead, or the cheeks) that irritate the user. Including more than one strap is disadvantageous because it requires the user to fasten and unfasten at least two straps when putting on or removing the mask, as well as requiring contact between the straps and the user's head or face in multiple locations.

The at least one strap 34 is for applying a pressure distributed across the customized, contoured facial mask portion, wherein the pressure is distributed substantially uniformly across the contact portion of the customized, contoured facial mask portion. Substantially uniformly distributed pressure means that the pressure is distributed evenly (i.e., pressure exerted on the face by the mask is equal at every point of contact between the mask and the face), or alternatively, pressure is distributed across the mask such that pressure from the mask to the face at any point of contact between the mask and the face differs by only between about 0-10%, and more preferably between about 0-5%, from pressure from the mask to the face at any other point of contact between the mask and the face. Advantageously, the substantial mating contact of the face of the user by the mask, preferably at least 50% of the surface area, more preferably at least about 80% of the surface area, provides for reduced pressure points on higher contour areas of the face, and therefore provides increased comfort to the user.

In a preferred embodiment, the at least one strap 34 is adjustable to accommodate different head diameters. The at least one strap 34 is operable to be formed of an elastic or inelastic material. In one embodiment, the at least one strap 34 is formed of rubber, silicone, or a foam. In another embodiment, the at least one strap 34 is covered with neoprene. In one embodiment, the at least one strap 34 is adjustable using at least one toggle, hook-and-loop tape, at least one snap, or at least one buckle (e.g., cam buckle, side release buckle). In yet another embodiment, a length and/or a width of the at least one strap 34 is determined based on a 3D scan of the user's head. The at least one strap 34 is adjustable or manufactured to a predetermined length and/or a predetermined width, which ensures proper fit of the sleep apnea mask when used in conjunction with the customized, contoured facial mask portion.

For increased oxygen intake and to facilitate breathing of the user to address issues of sleep apnea, the mask of the present invention further includes an airway passage 36 positioned in the nose region of the mask, and further including a breathing tube 38 connected to the mask at the airway passage 36, which extends outwardly from a nasal area of the contoured facial mask face surface portion. In one embodiment, the airway passage 36 and the breathing tube connector is molded into the facial mask. In another embodiment, the breathing tube 38 is removably attachable to the mask (i.e., it is connectable and disconnectable) by a connection region 48 that is matingly connectable. By way of example and not limitation, the connection region 48 includes a threaded zone for rotational connection of the breathing tube 38 with the airway passage.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a perspective view of another embodiment of the invention. In one embodiment, the contact area includes the jaw region 42. The facial mask 10 of FIG. 2 contacts a larger surface area of the face than the facial mask of FIG. 1. Specifically, the facial mask 10 of FIG. 2 a larger portion of the cheeks 14, a larger area under the mouth, and a portion of the j aw region 42.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a perspective view of yet another embodiment of the invention. The facial mask 10 of FIG. 3 contacts a larger surface area of the face than the facial mask of FIG. 2. Specifically, the facial mask 10 of FIG. 3 contacts a larger portion of the forehead 12 (i.e., is closer to the hairline), a larger portion of the cheeks 14, and a larger portion of the j aw region 42.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a perspective view of still another embodiment of the invention. In one embodiment, the facial mask connects with the strap at a position even with or behind the ear (i.e., even with or behind the tragus). In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the facial mask connects with the strap at a position above and behind the ear. The strap preferably connects to the strap attachment points on the mask above the ear, which positions the strap at an angle between about 45 degrees and about 75 degrees from a horizontal line that runs tangent to the top of the ear. The strap extends around the back of the user's head during use. This configuration of the strap helps ensure that the facial mask maintains mating contact with the face of the user during use. Advantageously, this configuration of the strap allows for a greater surface area of the face to be in mating contact with the facial mask.

The facial mask preferably has no sharp edges. Additionally, the facial mask has a uniform texture for the underside layer. Advantageously, the lack of sharp edges and the uniform texture aid in the prevention of lines, creases, and other cosmetic changes in the face.

In one embodiment, edges of the facial mask (e.g., around the perimeter of the mask, around the eyes) have a rounded edge. FIG. 5 illustrates a perspective view of one embodiment of a facial mask having a rounded edge. The facial mask 10 is shown in mating contact with the facial surface 46 of the individual user.

In one embodiment, the facial mask has at least one zone with a graduated thickness. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a facial mask having at least one zone with a graduated thickness. In a preferred embodiment, the facial mask 10 has a thickness t between about 0.0625 inches and about 0.1875 inches. In another embodiment, the facial mask 10 has a thickness t between about 0.0625 inches and about 0.25 inches. In one embodiment, the thickness t is graduated from 0% t to 100% t over a distance d. In a preferred embodiment, the distance d is less than or equal to about 1 inch. In another embodiment, the distance d is less than or equal to about 0.75 inch, less than or equal to about 0.5 inch, less than or equal to about 0.25 inch, less than or equal to about 0.125 inch, or less than or equal to about 0.0625 inch. In the example shown in FIG. 6, the slope of the facial mask 10 in the zone of graduated thickness is substantially linear.

Alternatively, the slope of the facial mask 10 in the zone of graduated thickness is non-linear, as shown in FIG. 7. Further, the distance d is slightly larger in the example shown in FIG. 7 than in the example shown in FIG. 6.

In another embodiment, the thickness t is graduated from an initial thickness t_(i) to the thickness t over a distance d. In the example shown in FIG. 8, the slope of the facial mask 10 in the zone of graduated thickness is substantially linear. In one embodiment, the initial thickness t_(i) is equal to about 10%, about 20%, about 25%, about 30%, about 40%, about 50%, about 60%, about 70%, about 75%, about 80%, or about 90% of the thickness. Further, the edges are not rounded in the example shown in FIG. 8.

As previously described, pressure is distributed across the mask such that pressure from the mask to the face at any point of contact between the mask and the face differs by only between about 0-10%, and more preferably between about 0-5%, from pressure from the mask to the face at any other point of contact between the mask and the face. In one embodiment, the facial mask has at least one zone of graduated pressure. In a preferred embodiment, the at least one zone of graduated pressure is located at an edge of a contact region (e.g., around the eyes, around the periphery of the mask, around the nasal area). In another embodiment, the at least one zone of graduated pressure is located at a high contour area of the face (e.g., the cheekbones, the supraorbital ridges, the jawline). Advantageously, this embodiment decreases the pressure on the high contour area of the face, which increases the comfort to the user.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a perspective view of one embodiment of the invention having two zones of graduated pressure. In one embodiment, zones 52 and 54 are graduated pressure zones each having a pressure equal to less than 100% of the pressure in zone 50. In one example, zone 52 has a pressure equal to about 97.5% of the pressure in zone 50 and zone 54 has a pressure equal to about 95% of the pressure in zone 50. In another example, zone 52 has a pressure equal to about 95% of the pressure in zone 50 and zone 54 has a pressure equal to about 90% of the pressure in zone 50. Advantageously, the graduated pressure zone distributes the load to minimize the pressure from the edge of the mask contacting the face of the user during use, as edge contact from the mask to the face of the user sometimes creates lines, wrinkles, or other undesired cosmetic changes.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a perspective view of another embodiment of the invention having two zones of graduated pressure. In one embodiment, zones 56 and 58 are graduated pressure zones each having a pressure equal to less than 100% of the pressure in zone 50. In this example, zone 58 is located around each eye and zone 56 is located around the perimeter of the mask. In one example, zones 56 and 58 have equal pressures. For example, zones 56 and 58 have a pressure equal to about 95% of the pressure in zone 50. In other examples, zones 56 and 58 have a pressure equal to about 97.5%, about 92.5%, or about 90% of the pressure in zone 50.

Alternatively, zones 56 and 58 do not have equal pressures. For example, zone 56 has a pressure equal to about 95% of the pressure in zone 50 and zone 58 has a pressure equal to about 97.5% of the pressure in zone 50. In another example, zone 56 has a pressure equal to about 97.5% of the pressure in zone 50 and zone 58 has a pressure equal to about 95% of the pressure in zone 50. In other embodiments, zone 56 has a pressure equal to about 97.5%, about 95%, about 92.5%, or about 90% of the pressure in zone 50 and zone 58 has a pressure equal to about 97.5%, about 95%, about 92.5%, or about 90% of the pressure in zone 50.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a top view of an embodiment of the invention. The facial mask 10 preferably includes an outward curvature 44 between the supraorbital ridges 40 to prevent the facial mask 10 from contacting the glabella 18.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a side view of an embodiment of the invention. As previously described, the facial mask 10 preferably does not contact the glabella 18, the root of the nose 20, the nose 22, the nostrils 24, the nasolabial folds (i.e., “smile lines” or “laugh lines”) 26, the philtrum 28, or the chin boss 30 of the user. In a preferred embodiment, the facial mask 10 extends slightly under the chin of the user, wherein a clearance of between about ⅛ inch to about ¼ inch is provided. Alternatively, the clearance is between about ¼ inch and about ½ inch. In another embodiment, the clearance is between about ½ inch and about ¾ inch. In yet another embodiment, the clearance is between about ¾ inch and about 1 inch. In other embodiments, the clearance is any measurement between about ¼ inch and about 1 inch. This clearance provides for chin mobility while wearing the facial mask 10, which increases the comfort to the user while wearing the facial mask 10.

Masks of the prior art do not extend across the forehead and beneath the chin, but rather are in contact with and supported by the glabella, root of the nose, areas directly below the nose (e.g., the philtrum and nasolabial furrows), and/or the chin. Thus, the prior art teaches both the more sensitive parts of the face supporting the mask (e.g., the glabella, philtrum, chin boss) and a smaller area of the face supporting the mask. Advantageously, the present invention teaches a larger support area and less-sensitive parts of the face as support areas.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a side view of another embodiment of the invention. The facial mask 10 of FIG. 13 contacts a larger surface area of the face than the facial mask of FIG. 12. Specifically, the facial mask 10 of FIG. 13 contacts a larger portion of the cheeks 14, a larger area under the mouth, and a portion of the jaw region 42.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a side view of yet another embodiment of the invention. The facial mask 10 of FIG. 14 contacts a larger surface area of the face than the facial mask of FIG. 13. Specifically, the facial mask 10 of FIG. 14 contacts a larger portion of the forehead 12 (i.e., is closer to the hairline), a larger portion of the cheeks 14, and a larger portion of the j aw region 42.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a side view of an embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 9. In FIG. 15, the facial mask has two zones of graduated pressure. In one embodiment, zones 52 and 54 are graduated pressure zones each having a pressure equal to less than 100% of the pressure in zone 50. In one example, zone 52 has a pressure equal to about 97.5% of the pressure in zone 50 and zone 54 has a pressure equal to about 95% of the pressure in zone 50. In another example, zone 52 has a pressure equal to about 95% of the pressure in zone 50 and zone 54 has a pressure equal to about 90% of the pressure in zone 50. Advantageously, the graduated pressure zone distributes the load to minimize the pressure from the edge of the mask contacting the face of the user during use, as edge contact from the mask to the face of the user sometimes creates create lines, wrinkles, or other undesired cosmetic changes.

In a preferred embodiment, the facial mask includes ventilation holes to provide additional comfort to the user. In one embodiment, the ventilation holes are about 0.1 mm to about 2.5 mm in diameter. In another embodiment, the ventilation holes are convergent such that the entrance holes are greater in diameter than the exit holes. In one embodiment, the ventilation holes have an entrance diameter of about 2.4 mm and an exit diameter of about 0.8 mm. In a preferred embodiment, the facial mask includes 40-50 ventilation holes.

FIG. 16 illustrates ventilation holes according to one embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the ventilation holes 60 are concentric around the airway passage 36. Although this embodiment is shown as concentric around the airway passage, this configuration is also able to be molded into other connective pieces between the device and mask (e.g., an elbow, a frame, a tube). Additionally, this embodiment is shown in a circular path concentric around the airway passage, but other shapes (e.g., triangular, rectangular) are possible.

The ventilation holes preferably are slanted to optimize air flow. In one embodiment, the ventilation holes are angled about 30° to about 60° with respect to the surface. More preferably, the ventilation holes are angled about 45° with respect to the surface. In a preferred embodiment, the ventilation holes are unitarily formed into the mask through the 3D printing process.

FIG. 17 illustrates ventilation holes according to another embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the ventilation holes are positioned above the airway passage 36. The ventilation holes preferably are slanted to move exhaled gases away from the user's face.

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a top view of an embodiment of the invention with ventilation holes 60.

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a side view of an embodiment of the invention with ventilation holes 60.

As previously described, the facial mask of the present invention matingly contacts at least 50% of the surface area of the face. The term “surface area” as used in this application means the total area of the outside layer of a three-dimensional object (e.g., the face). An article, “A geometric model of defensive peripersonal space” by authors Bufacchi et al. in the Journal of Neurophysiology, estimates the face as a half-ellipsoid with axes equal to 11.3 cm, 7.4 cm, and 9.8 cm. FIG. 20 illustrates a half-ellipsoid with axes a, b, and c, and a height h of an ellipsoid cap, which appears as a dotted region on the figure. The surface area of the half-ellipsoid is equal to 564.3 cm² (87.5 in²). Using values for h=9.8 cm (equivalent to 100% surface area of face), h=7.9 cm (equivalent to 80% surface area of face), h=5.02 cm (equivalent to 50% surface area of face), and h=2.05 cm (equivalent to 20% surface area of face), three-dimensional models were generated using SOLIDWORKS, a computer-aided design program.

FIG. 21 shows an angled perspective view of the half-ellipsoid with 20% of the surface area, 50% of the surface area, and 80% of the surface area of the half-ellipsoid labeled. As the eyes and mouth are the center of the face, partial surface areas are determined from the periphery of the face toward the center of the face.

FIG. 22 shows a side perspective view of the half-ellipsoid with 20% of the surface area, 50% of the surface area, 80% of the surface area, and 100% of the surface area of the half-ellipsoid labeled. Again, as the eyes and mouth are the center of the face, partial surface areas are determined from the periphery of the face toward the center of the face.

In one embodiment, eyeglasses are removably attachable to the face mask. Prior art documents describing attachment of eyeglasses to a mask include U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,776,485 and 8,113,200, and U.S. Publication Nos. 20050051171, 20170246415, and 20180064897, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In one embodiment, the facial mask includes eyeglasses with lenses. In another embodiment, the eyeglasses are constructed from glass, plastic, high-index plastic, polycarbonate, a urethane-based pre-polymer (e.g., Trivex®), polyester, and/or silicone rubber. Alternatively, the lenses of the eyeglasses are constructed from ballistic or bullet resistant glass. In another embodiment, the lenses include at least one coating (e.g., anti-reflective coating, scratch-resistant coating). Eyeglasses include glasses with corrective lenses, glasses with non-corrective lenses, sunglasses with lenses providing UV protection, goggles, and combinations thereof.

In one embodiment, the mask includes at least one clip for attaching eyeglasses to the mask. The at least one clip is preferably located on a position on the mask corresponding to a bridge of a nose. Additionally, or alternatively, the at least one clip is positioned on a left and a right side corresponding to a left temple and a right temple, respectively. In another embodiment, the mask includes at least one magnet for attaching eyeglasses to the mask. The at least one magnet is preferably located on a position on the mask corresponding to a bridge of a nose, a left supraorbital ridge, a right supraorbital ridge, a left side corresponding to a left temple, and/or a right side corresponding to a right temple. In one embodiment, the eyeglasses do not have arms. Alternatively, the eyeglasses have arms. In still another embodiment, the eyeglasses attach to one or more of the at least one strap.

FIG. 23A illustrates one embodiment of a facial mask 10 including face mask magnets 72 for attaching eyeglasses. The face mask magnets are preferably adhered to, embedded in, or otherwise permanently affixed to the face mask. FIG. 23B illustrates one embodiment of eyeglasses 70 including eyeglasses magnets 74. The eyeglasses magnets are preferably adhered to, embedded in, or otherwise permanently affixed to the eyeglasses. FIG. 23C illustrates the eyeglasses 70 of FIG. 23B magnetically attached to the facial mask 10 of FIG. 23A. In one embodiment, the face mask magnets are positive and the eyeglasses magnets are negative. In another embodiment, the face mask magnets are negative and the eyeglasses magnets are positive.

FIG. 24 illustrates one embodiment of a facial mask 10 with a clip 76 for attaching eyeglasses. The clip is permanently affixed to the face mask. The clip is preferably formed of plastic or metal.

FIGS. 25 and 26 illustrate embodiments of a face mask with a removable air filter 80. Rather than connecting to a sleep apnea device or any other external system, the air filter is built into the mask and/or is insertable into the mask, allowing the user to walk freely with it. Advantageously, compared to other filtered masks, the facial mask does not contact the eyes, nasal region, mouth, or chin boss of the user when worn, allowing pressure to be distributed around less sensitive areas of a wearer's face. In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 25, the face mask extends around the eyes and at least partially covers the forehead. In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 26, the face mask does not extend around the eyes, instead extending over the nose and mouth and having an upper edge positioned beneath the eyes of a user's face. Having a face mask not extend over the eyes is advantageous in some situations, such as when a user wants to use a pair of glasses that do not fit well over the face mask. In one embodiment, the face mask includes a slit 85 through which air filters are able to be added and/or removed from the mask. In one embodiment, the air filter 80 is capable of filtering out pathogens, including but not limited to viruses, bacteria, and/or eukaryotic parasites. In one embodiment, the air filter 80 is capable of filtering out SARS-CoV-2 and influenza pathogens. In another embodiment, the air filter 80 is capable of filtering out non-biological particulates, such as gas fumes from a work site. In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 27, the face mask includes a plurality of flanges 90, operable to retain a removable air filter 95. In one embodiment, the breathable surface area of the air filter is at least about 15 in². In one embodiment, the removable air filter 95 is a disposable air filter.

In one embodiment, the facial mask includes at least one integral mesh screen. In one embodiment, the mesh screen region includes at least one outer attachment mechanism, which is operable to hold filter paper against the mesh screen region facial mask. The filter paper is able to be easily detached and replaced with new filter paper as needed. In another embodiment, the mesh screen includes an outer mesh screen and an inner mesh screen. Filter paper is able to be inserted between the outer mesh screen and the inner mesh screen via a slit adjacent to the mesh screen region on the facial mask. In another embodiment, the facial mask includes at least one hole. At least one air filter device is inserted into the at least one hole such that the at least one air filter device sealingly engages with the surrounding portion of the facial mask. In one embodiment, the at least one air filter device is removed and replaced by twisting the at least one air filter device. In another embodiment, the at least one air filter device automatically disengages the mask when sufficient pressure is applied to an outer surface of the at least one air filter device. In one embodiment, the at least one air filter device includes at least one N95 filter.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 28, the face mask includes a breathing portion 185 designed to fit over the nose and mouth of the individual user. The breathing portion 185 includes at least one air filter 180 for filtering out bacteria, viruses, and/or other pathogens and airborne pollutants. Having a larger breathing portion 185 to more easily fit over the mouth and the nose better allows an individual user to breathe through either their nose or their mouth. While this design choice results in a larger, and often bulkier mask, it is often preferred by some individuals. The face mask includes at least one flange 165 for attachment to a strap to wrap around the head of the individual user. The face mask includes eye holes 170. In one embodiment, the eye holes 170 are able to be replace with eye protection materials and/or lenses to correct for the eyesight of the individual user. In another embodiment, the exterior surface of the breathing portion 185 includes at least one flange 175. The at least one flange 175 includes an overhang. When at least one removable air filter is pressed against the breathing portion 185, the at least one flange 175 deflects and subsequently engages with at least one groove on a side wall of the at least one removable air filter or engages with at least one surface of the at least one removable air filter, such that the at least one removable air filter is held against the face mask. While FIG. 28 shows an annular flange, it will be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art that, in another embodiment, the at least one flange includes a plurality of individual flanges extending outwardly from edges of the breathing portion 185.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 29, the face mask includes at least one sensor 102. In one embodiment, the at least one sensor 102 includes at least one temperature sensor. Because the at least one temperature sensor is held in close proximity to a user's face by the face mask, it is able to determine the body temperature of a user. Detecting body temperature of a user assists in diagnosing any illness that a user contracts, including but not limited to COVID-19 or influenza. In another embodiment, the at least one sensor 102 includes at least one heart rate monitor, at least one heart rate variability monitor, at least one movement sensor, and/or at least one moisture sensor. The illustration in FIG. 29 shows at least one sensor 102 placed in contact with a user's cheek, but the location of the at least one sensor is not limited herein to only being in contact with a user's cheek. In another embodiment, the at least one sensor 102 is placed in contact with a user's forehead, chin, mouth, nose, and/or periorbital region. Additionally, the face mask includes a removable air filter 110.

FIG. 30 shows a face mask having an extended tube section 120. In one embodiment, the extended tube section includes at least one radiative emitter 122. The at least one radiative emitter 122 is operable to emit infrared radiation (including, but not limited to, near-infrared radiation and far infrared radiation) and/or ultraviolet radiation (including, but not limited to, UVA, UVB, and UVC radiation). The extended tube section 120 further includes at least one radiation shield 124 in order to prevent infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation from leaking from the extended tube section 120 and damaging a user's skin. In one embodiment, the entire outside surface of the extended tube section 120 is also covered with radiation shielding material. By including at least one radiative emitter 122, the face mask is further able to eliminate any pathogens that are able to pass through a removable air filter 110, for example due to a damaged section of the removable air filter 110 and/or at least one overly large pore in the removable air filter 110.

FIGS. 29 and 30 show face masks having a removable air filter 110. FIG. 31 illustrates an attachment mechanism for the removable air filter 110. The face mask includes an opening including an integrally formed grating 118 or grid covering the opening. In one embodiment, the face mask includes at least one groove 126 and at least one adjacent lip 128 surrounding the opening of the face mask. The at least one groove 126 is operable to engage with at least one clip section 116 of a removable air filter 110, where the at least one clip section 116 extends outwardly from an edge of at least one grating portion 112 of the removable air filter 110. In one embodiment, at least one layer of filter material 114 is disposed between the grating 118 of the face mask and the grating portion 112 of the removable air filter 110.

FIG. 32 illustrates one embodiment of a removable air filter for a face mask. As shown in FIG. 32, the removable air filter 110 includes a grating portion 112 and at least one clip section 116 attached to an outer perimeter 115 of the grating portion 112. The at least one clip section 116 includes at least one protrusion extending outwardly from the surface of the grating portion 112. An inner surface of the grating portion 112 is defined as being on the side to which the at least one protrusion of the at least one clip section 116 extends and the side that will therefore be closer to the face mask when attached. An outside surface of the grating portion 112 is defined as being on the side opposite that of the inner surface. The at least one clip section 116 is operable to engage with the at least one groove 126 and the at least one adjacent lip 128 of the face mask.

In one embodiment, when the at least one clip section 116 is engaged with the at least one groove 126 and the at least one adjacent lip 128 of the face mask, the grating portion 112 is configured to be substantially in contact with a grating 118 of the face mask. The grating 118 of the face mask helps prevent portions of the face mask surrounding the opening from bending inward during use, which are otherwise capable of causing the removable air filter 110 to detach. The grating portion 112 of the removable air filter 110 similarly helps prevent portions of the face mask surrounding the opening from bending outward during use. Furthermore, in one embodiment, at least one layer of filter material 114 is attached to the inner surface of the grating portion 112, such that the at least one layer of filter material 114 is tightly held between the grating portion 112 of the removable air filter 110 and the grating 118 of the face mask when the removable air filter 110 is attached. In another embodiment, the at least one layer of filter material 114 is not attached to the removable air filter 110 before the removable air filter 110 is attached to the face mask. Instead, the at least one layer of filter material 114 is loosely disposed between the grating 118 of the face mask and the grating portion 112 of the removable air filter 110 and held in place via the contact between the grating 118 and the grating portion 112.

In another embodiment, the removable air filter 110 does not include at least one clip section 116. Instead, in one embodiment, the face mask includes at least one flange, as shown in FIG. 28. When the removable air filter 110 is pressed onto the face mask, the at least one flange deflects, allowing the removable air filter 110 to be closely fitted onto the face mask. In one embodiment, the removable air filter 110 includes at least one groove. After the at least one flange deflects and the removable air filter 110 is pressed against the face mask, the at least one on flange is configured to bend back into position and engage with the at least one groove. In another embodiment, the at least one flange is configured to bend back into position such that an overhang on each of the at least one flange is configured to engage with a surface of the removable air filter 110 oriented away from the face mask.

In one embodiment, the removable air filter 110 is attached to the face mask by at least one hinge. In a closed position, the grating portion 112 and the grating 118 are substantially parallel and the grating portion 112 and the grating 118 are substantially in contact. In an open position, the grating portion 112 is rotated at an angle to the grating 118 (e.g. the grating portion 112 is orthogonal to the grating 118) and the grating portion 112 and the grating 118 are not substantially in contact. Therefore, when the removable air filter 110 is in an open position, at least one layer of replacement filter material 114 is able to be applied to the grating portion 112 and/or the grating 118 before the removable air filter 110 is moved to a closed position. In another embodiment, the removable air filter 110 and the face mask are entirely separate pieces and are not attached by a hinge.

In another embodiment, a flexible filter device is positioned over the opening and grating 118 of the face mask. A retaining device is affixed to the at least one groove 126 of the face mask and held in place by the at least one adjacent lip 128. The retaining device pinches the flexible filter device against the face mask such that the flexible filter device is removably affixed to the face mask. In one embodiment, the retaining device is an elastic band and/or a band with adjustable circumference, which is tightened when it is positioned around the at least one groove 126.

In one embodiment, the edges of the face mask curve slightly inwardly toward the device. The curved edges of the face mask help to create a tighter seal for the face mask, better preventing pathogens from entering the face mask and better preventing any substances applied within the face mask from escaping. Furthermore, in embodiments wherein the face mask does not extend over the eyes, the tighter seal helps prevent warm breath from escaping the face mask and fogging up any glasses that a user is wearing.

In one embodiment, the face mask includes at least one strap made of an elastic material that contacts the back of a user's head to hold the face mask in place. In another embodiment, the face mask includes at least one strap made of an elastic material that contacts the back of the ears of the user to hold the face mask in place.

In one embodiment, the surface of the face mask is able to be printed with a variety of design patterns. Allowing design patterns to be printed on the outside surface of the face mask allows users to exercise creativity and individuality in wearing the mask, which helps increase mask compliance during conditions such as a pandemic. In another embodiment, the face mask is substantially transparent. Having the option to use a face mask that is transparent increases mask compliance for many individuals. Because other individuals are able to both see a user's facial expressions and be able to better read their lips, communication with others while wearing the mask is substantially improved.

Certain modifications and improvements will occur to those skilled in the art upon a reading of the foregoing description. By way of example, the customized facial contour mask of the present invention is adapted for use with cosmetic treatments, in particular for time-release or extended-release of beneficial chemicals or topical applications to the face, especially to substantially the entire face surface (excluding the eyes, mouth, and nasal breathing passages). In alternative embodiments, the face mask is adapted for use by pilots, firemen, or first responders, for the military, for sports, or for extended-wear oxygen masks or gas masks that provide increased comfort, wherein the masks are customized to the user's facial contours. The above-mentioned examples are provided to serve the purpose of clarifying the aspects of the invention and it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that they do not serve to limit the scope of the invention. All modifications and improvements have been deleted herein for the sake of conciseness and readability but are properly within the scope of the present invention. 

The invention claimed is:
 1. A facial mask, comprising: a customized, contoured facial mask portion constructed and configured to matingly cover a corresponding contoured surface area of a face of an individual user and match facial contours of the face of the individual user; wherein the facial mask includes strap attachments and at least one strap for securing the customized, contoured facial mask portion to the face of the individual user during use; wherein the customized, contoured facial mask portion includes a contact portion for matingly contacting the face of the individual user during use, wherein the contact portion is formed based on a three-dimensional (3-D) scan of the face of the individual user, and the contact portion is adapted to conform to unique facial features and match the facial contours of the individual user; wherein the contact portion is configured to not contact a nose of the individual user during use; wherein the contact portion is configured to not contact a glabella of the individual user during use; wherein the contact portion is configured to seal around eyes of the individual user during use; wherein the contact portion is adapted to substantially contact a forehead of the individual user during use; wherein the facial mask is configured to cover the glabella of the individual user during use; wherein the facial mask is configured to not cover and not contact the eyes of the individual user during use; wherein the at least one strap is sized to extend around the individual user's head and is for applying a pressure distributed across the customized, contoured facial mask portion; and wherein the facial mask includes at least one replaceable air filter operable to filter bacterial and viral pathogens.
 2. The facial mask of claim 1, wherein the pressure is distributed substantially uniformly across the customized, contoured facial mask portion that contacts the face of the individual user.
 3. The facial mask of claim 1, wherein the customized, contoured facial mask portion is sized to matingly contact at least 50% of the surface area of the face of the individual user.
 4. The facial mask of claim 1, wherein the customized, contoured facial mask portion is sized to matingly contact at least 80% of the surface area of the face of the individual user.
 5. The facial mask of claim 1, wherein the contact portion is configured to contact supraorbital ridges of the individual user during use.
 6. The facial mask of claim 1, wherein the contact portion is configured to not contact nasolabial furrows and/or not contact a philtrum of the individual user during use.
 7. The facial mask of claim 1, wherein the customized, contoured facial mask portion is configured to substantially cover the nose of the individual user during use.
 8. The facial mask of claim 1, wherein the contact portion is adapted to substantially contact cheeks of the individual user during use.
 9. The facial mask of claim 1, wherein eyeglasses are attachable to the facial mask via at least one magnet and/or at least one clip.
 10. The facial mask of claim 1, wherein a clearance of between about 3.175 mm (⅛ inch) and about 6.35 mm (¼ inch) is provided below a chin of the individual user during use.
 11. The facial mask of claim 1, wherein the strap attachments consist of only two strap attachment points, wherein the two strap attachment points are positioned on opposite sides of the facial mask.
 12. The facial mask of claim 1, wherein the at least one strap consists of a single axial strap.
 13. The facial mask of claim 1, wherein the facial mask includes a first material in contact with the face of the individual user and a second material to provide structural support to the facial mask.
 14. The facial mask of claim 13, further including a material gradient transitioning from the first material to the second material.
 15. The facial mask of claim 1, wherein the facial mask is comprised of at least one composition that is curable using ultraviolet (UV) light.
 16. The facial mask of claim 1, wherein the facial mask includes at least one hole into which the at least one replaceable air filter is inserted, and wherein, upon insertion, the least one replaceable air filter sealingly engages with the facial mask.
 17. The facial mask of claim 1, wherein the at least one replaceable air filter is operable to be removed from the facial mask by rotating the at least one replaceable air filter and/or applying pressure to an outside surface of the at least one replaceable air filter. 